Which condition is characterized by the need to go to the bathroom frequently due to liquid stools?

The correct answer, diarrhea, is characterized by the frequent need to go to the bathroom accompanied by liquid stools. This condition arises when the intestines do not absorb enough water from the food being processed in the digestive system, resulting in loose and watery stool. Diarrhea can be caused by various factors, including infections, certain medications, or dietary changes, and it often leads to an increased urgency to use the bathroom due to the rapid transit of waste through the digestive tract.

In contrast, fecal impaction is a condition where stool becomes hard and difficult to pass, leading to constipation rather than frequent bathroom visits. Constipation itself involves infrequent bowel movements or difficulty passing stool. A hernia refers to a condition where an organ pushes through an opening in the muscle or tissue that holds it in place, which is unrelated to the urgency for bathroom use or the characteristics of stool consistency. Therefore, diarrhea is identified as the condition that aligns with the symptoms described in the question.