What is a fracture called when there is a break in a bone without penetration of the skin?

A fracture classified as a closed fracture occurs when there is a break in the bone without any associated break or penetration through the skin. This means that the fracture is contained entirely within the body's tissues, which reduces the risk of infection and often allows for a more straightforward recovery process compared to fractures where the skin is broken.

In the context of fractures, terminology is critical. An open fracture, or compound fracture, involves the bone breaking through the skin, exposing the bone and creating a potential entry point for bacteria. This can lead to complications such as infections. On the other hand, a closed fracture does not present a similar risk since it remains enclosed within the body. The terms "closed fracture" and "simple fracture" are often used interchangeably, which is why the answer provided aligns with common medical terminology used to describe fractures.

Thus, identifying the nature of the fracture accurately helps in determining the appropriate treatment and expected recovery.